Application of the Technology Acceptance Model in Predicting Mobile-Based Digital Communication Skills Adoption among Crop Farmers in Borno State, Nigeria

Abstract

Despite the proliferation of mobile technologies in Nigeria, the adoption and sustained use of mobile-based digital communication skills among smallholder crop farmers remain limited, particularly in conflict-affected regions such as Borno State where infrastructure deficits and socio-economic challenges are pronounced. This study examined the determinants of mobile
based digital communication skills adoption among small-scale crop farmers in Borno State, Nigeria, using an extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). A quantitative cross sectional survey design was adopted. Data were collected from 384 registered crop farmers using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) with AMOS software. The findings revealed that educational level had no significant influence on perceived ease of use (β = 0.059, p > 0.05) but significantly influenced perceived usefulness (β = 0.098, p < 0.05). Perceived ease of use significantly influenced perceived usefulness (β = 0.835, p < 0.05) and attitude toward adoption (β = 0.370, p < 0.05). Perceived usefulness also significantly influenced attitude (β = 0.379, p < 0.05) and behavioural intention (β = 0.211, p < 0.05), while attitude significantly influenced behavioural intention (β = 0.382, p < 0.05). However, behavioural intention did not significantly predict actual use (β = 0.170, p > 0.05). The study concludes that perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use are the strongest predictors of adoption intention, while infrastructural and contextual constraints limit actual utilization. The study recommends improving digital infrastructure, affordability, and farmer training to enhance adoption and sustained use of mobile-based digital communication skills.