International Journal of Intellectual Discourse

The effect of perceived organizational support on psychological employment contract breach in Nigeria public universities: The mediating effect of trust

Shakur Faruk — 2024-12-30

Psychological employment contract breach which signifies the perception of employees regarding the non-fulfilment of employment promises by the employer influences employment relationship in organization. This paper investigated the mediating effect of trust on the relationship between perceived organizational support and psychological employment contract breach. The research draws upon quantitative method in measuring the respondent’s perception and the adoption of organizational justice theory. Using proportionate stratified random sampling method, a sample size of 367 academicians that are employees of Nigeria public universities was used as respondents. Factor analysis and correlation analysis was
employed to draw the relationship between the variables and the study found that there is relationship between perceived organizational and psychological employment contract breach. The analysis of data showed that the perceived organizational support has positive effect on dimension of psychological employment contract breach (employee frustration). The results also indicated that trust mediated the relationship between perceived organizational support and the dimension of psychological employment contract breach (employee frustration). It is recommended that organizational justice theory be critically considered and adhered to as it plays a critical role in the psychology of lecturers. It also recommended to that image of trust be properly maintained by the employer and that lecturers should be treated with dignity, respect, as well as creating platform for lecturer’s feedback to the management on their perception regarding the organizational support.

The socio-economic predicament of caregivers of orphans and vulnerable children with HIV/AIDS in Bauchi metropolis, Nigeria

Sulaiman Ahmed — 2024-12-30

This study explores the range of challenges caregivers encounter while assisting vulnerable children with HIV/AIDS. Caregivers tend to come across issues related to socioeconomic factors due to the stigmatization of HIV/AIDS children. The main aim of this study is to highlight caregivers' major challenges in the Bauchi metropolis. Specifically, the objectives were set to identify practical issues affecting the role of caregivers and their capacity as significant to those children's lives. In sub-Saharan `Africa, Nigeria accounts for an estimated 1.9 million cases of these children. For the majority of caregivers, however, despite collective efforts by, families, and communities aimed towards protecting, caring for, and supporting infected affected children, the scourge of child death with HIV/AIDS has remained high. Reports indicate that more needs to be done to support caregivers for them to look after those children. Therefore, this study focuses on caregivers' predicament while helping HIV and AIDS vulnerable orphaned children in Bauchi Metropolis. The study highlights the challenges caregivers experience as a result of their socio-economic reinforced by cultural and religious influence among others, in making children living with HIV and AIDS cope with the epidemic. The purpose of the study was to understand the position of caregivers' characteristics and situations the impact caused by their socio-economic stand, and religion's impact on the care of children with HIV and AIDS in Bauchi Metropolitan. The study was guided by two theories, the Stigmatization theory by Goffman, and the Structuration theory by Giddens. The sequential transformative approach of quantitative and qualitative methods (mixed method) was used in this study through a descriptive cross-sectional survey. SPSS was used to analyze the quantitative data using descriptive statistics such as means, frequency, and percentages, while NVivo software was used to analyze qualitative data synthesis and prose thematically. Bauchi metropolis has about 218 caregivers of children orphaned & vulnerable to HIV and AIDS. Data collection questionnaires and interview guides were used. Key informant interviews were conducted with government agencies and NGOs.

Efficiency overload: Minimizing account receivable for SMEs financial performance surge during COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria

Salmanulfarisi Abdulrahaman — 2024-12-31

The Covid 19 pandemic posed a threat at the beginning to human existence, and later its effects had negative consequences on the global economy with a particular reference to Small and Medium Scale business enterprises. Studies indicated that SMEs during the period of the pandemic were incapacitated when compared to other corporate entities as a result of insolvency and liquidity problems, and their inability to source funds from outside. The study investigates the influence of the minimization of accounting receivables on SMEs' financial performance as a bootstrapping strategy during the period of the COVID-19 Pandemic. In achieving the said objective, the study, employs primary data using a structured questionnaire on a four-point Likert’s rating scale administered to 362 Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) as sample units drawn from the registered SMEs in Kano State using Slovenes’ formula. The study also applied a simple random probability sampling technique to allow each unit (SME) an equal chance of participation in the survey. To investigate if there is a significant relationship between the variables the study employed multiple regression analysis as a statistical tool to test the study hypotheses. Findings from the study indicate that credit policy, average collection period, and trade discount were significantly influential factors in SMEs' financial performance during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study recommends that SMEs should engage in aggressive credit policy, set a stringent collection date, and allow trade discounts for those willing to pay in time.

Exploring the Barriers to Human Insecurity in North-East Nigeria (2019-2023)

Saidu Umar Mohammed — 2024-12-31

This study examines the barriers to human security in Northeast Nigeria, highlighting the threats faced by the population, including food insecurity, crimes, terrorism, organized crime, poverty, environmental factors, and violent crimes such as the Boko Haram insurgency between 20019 and 2023. The primary objective of this article is to identify the barriers to human security. To achieve this, a qualitative methodology was employed, utilizing secondary data sources and discourse analysis to discuss the findings. The findings indicate that economic, health, environmental, personal, community, and political insecurities are prevalent in the study area. For instance, individuals and households lack access to basic income, including
salaries, wages, public funds, and adequate food. The findings reveal that poverty, hunger, social injustice, and income inequalities significantly affect the population. Additionally, increased cases of physical injuries, trauma, and death are common during conflicts. Forced displacement leads to people living in camps with inadequate basic human needs, such as clean water, sanitation, shelter, food, and medications. Ecological destruction threatens humanity, leading to resource scarcity and loss of livelihoods. The study recommends that policymakers urgently adopt a multifaceted approach involving regional cooperation, community involvement, and regulatory reforms to address these obstacles.

Effect of employee engagement on organizational commitment in the Nigeria Police Force

Mtunaga Iorfa Desmond — 2024-12-31

This study, effect of employee engagement on organizational commitment in the Nigeria Police Force, was aimed to examine how employee engagement affects organizational commitment among the personnel of the Nigeria Police Force. In this paper, survey research design was adopted and sample size of 400 personnel was selected from 371,800 personnel of the Nigeria Police Force. Stratified random sampling technique was adopted in selecting the respondents. The data was analysed using statistical Package for Social Sciences. Multiple regression analysis was utilized to find out the relationships existing among the variables. The findings of the study reveal that, the three independent variables, emotional engagement, cognitive engagement and physical engagement significantly predict 61.7% variance of organizational commitment. This indicates that all the independent variables positively affect organizational commitment, the coefficient of emotional engagement (0.531), cognitive engagement (0.082) and physical engagement (0.070) are statistically significant. The study concludes that, there is significant positive relationship between employee engagement and organizational commitment in the Nigeria Police Force. Based on the above findings, the study recommended that; Nigeria Police Force should provide ongoing professional development and training programs that equip officers with the necessary skills and knowledge, encourage further education and specialization that can increase employee engagement and commitment.

An assessment of the impact of health care expenditure on infant mortality in Nigeria

Damina Hamid Babawulle — 2024-12-31

To accomplish favourable health outcomes, especially reducing infant mortality, remains a challenge for Nigeria. The autoregressive distribution lag technique (ARDL) was employed in this study in examining the long-run effect of public health expenditure on under-five mortality in Nigeria. Data were sourced from the World Development Indicators for the period 1990– 2022. The long run result shows that general expenditure on health has a negative and significant impact on infant mortality rate. This shows that the level of income matters in the amount spent on health. Based on the results. 1 unit increase in HEXP will decrease general infant mortality rate by 2.260 units. This is not surprising as greater financial resources and improved living standards means improved healthcare infrastructure, access to medical services, and better health outcomes for individuals and society. The coefficient of SSE has a positive but insignificant impact on GDP per capita. Finally, the coefficient of GDP per capita has a negative and significant impact on infant mortality rate. Based on the result 1 unit increase in GDP per capita will decrease infant mortality rate by 0.100 units. Therefore, this paper recommends an increased funding in the health sector and all-inclusive coverage of the health insurance scheme for Nigerians.

Communal identity politics and ethno-religious conflicts in Taraba state, Nigeria

Ibrahim Suleiman — 2024-12-31

Communal identity politics and ethno-religious conflicts have been persistent issues in many parts of the world, often stemming from historical, social, and political factors. These conflicts are characterized by group mobilization along ethnic, religious, or cultural identities to pursue political goals or protect their interests. The ruling elites achieved their economic and political interest by employing unsuitable means of manipulating people along ethnic, religious and other identities in their quest to consolidate their dominance in politics and economy. The consequences of it are destruction of lives and properties and displacement of people from their homes and exposing them to insecurity, health risks, shelter and unemployment among others. Thus, this paper seeks to examine the role of communal identity politics towards fuelling ethnoreligious conflict in Taraba State. In achieving the stated objective, qualitative method of data collection is employed through the use of case study research design whereby data was collected through interviews in which (12) informants which comprised community leaders, political leaders and religious leaders were selected and interviewed. Moreover, protracted social conflict theory was adopted to guide the research. Therefore, the findings of the research revealed that hatred and mutual suspicion, marginalisation and discrimination among ethnic group, religion intolerance, issues of land ownership and lack of cordial relationship fuelled ethno-religious conflict in Taraba State. Furthermore, the study recommended that the government should promote narrative that can emphasize shared Nigerian identity and common goals, while still respecting diverse cultural and religious traditions. Realizing these incentives is very vital for developing effective measures for countering ethno-religious
conflict. In doing this government should support inter-community dialogue, organize regular forums and events that will bring leaders together and members of different ethnic and religious groups to foster unity and cooperation. Moreover, government should tackle the deep-seated grievances through reconciliatory process in order to acknowledge past conflicts and injustices, aiming to heal communal wounds and reduce long-standing inter-ethnic tensions, encourage economic interdependence and cooperation a cross communal lines in order to reduce competition for scarce resources. Government should support and strengthen grassroots civil society organizations, independent media, and watchdog groups that can
promote inter-tribal cooperation.

Exploring the prospect and challenges of poverty alleviation programs in Nigeria: A study of N-power program in Bauchi State

Mubarak Magaji — 2024-12-31

This study explores the challenges and prospects of poverty alleviation programs in Nigeria, with a focus on the N-Power program in Bauchi State. Using a qualitative inquiry method, semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted. The findings indicate that the N-Power program has significantly contributed to poverty reduction by providing temporary employment opportunities in sectors such as N-Teach, N-Health, and N-Agro. Additionally, the program has facilitated income generation through monthly stipends and skills development. However, the study also identifies challenges, including political influence, the short-term nature of the scheme, lack of requisite qualifications among some beneficiaries, and a lack of post-program retention. The target audience for this research includes policymakers, program beneficiaries, researchers, civil society organizations, and other stakeholders interested in poverty alleviation, empowerment, and youth development initiatives like N-Power under the National Social Investment Program.

Determinants of financial assistance and credit accessibility of Small and Medium Enterprises: A study of textile stores in Gombe metropolis

Zakariyau Gurama — 2024-12-31

This study examines the determinants of financial assistance on credit accessibility of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), particularly textile stores within Gombe metropolis. The study aimed to determined how firm age, firm size, firm ownership structure, owner’s educational level and collateral influence credit accessibility of textile stores in Gombe metropolis. Quantitative research method was used and survey research design was employed to guide the study paradigm. The population of the study is 362 registered SMEs in the textile business. The sample size of 190 was arrived-at using Taro Yamane. A total of 210 questionnaires were distributed, 202 were retrieved but 193 were found valid for analyses. Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23 was used to achieve descriptive statistics and other inferential statistics analyses. The findings shows that firm age and educational level have negative and significant effect on credit accessibility of the SMEs; ownership structure revealed a positive and significant effect on credit accessibility of the SMEs. While the findings of firm size show a positive but insignificant effect on SMEs access to finance. However, the result of collateral on credit accessibility reveals a positive but insignificant effect on the SMEs. Therefore, the study recommends that firms should invest in strategies that counterbalance the negative effects of ageing, such as innovation and adaptability; firms should also consider strengthening their ownership structure to have an improved business outcome; firms should balance educational qualifications with practical experience when hiring or training management teams. Finally, collateral is not a key driver of SMEs credit accessibility, so SMEs should focus on more impactful factors like good governance.

Mobile banking adoption among elderly Nigerians: Challenges and potentials

Emonena Benedicta Agbamu — 2024-12-31

This study investigated the problem of adoption of mobile banking by the elderly Nigerians. While mobile banking is convenient and accessible, and saves time, the aged persons face challenges due to their limited digital literacy, security concerns, and infrastructure problems. A survey of 300 elderly Nigerians found that 80% of them had never used mobile banking, and 20% knew what the technology was. The regression analysis indicates that there is a significant relationship between the level of digital education and the extent of mobile banking among elderly Nigerians at p<0.01. Perceived ease of use also gives a positive effect at p < 0.05, implying that if mobile banking platforms were made easy, more aged would use them. At the same time, security issues reduced the likelihood score by a large margin (p < 0.01), which underlines the importance of reassuring users' fears about fraud and losing their money. The key barriers are lack of familiarity, confidence in the use of mobiles in rural areas, and poor network coverage. Yet, there is a considerable space for development; although 60% of the respondents would be ready to use mobile banking if properly trained. The study concluded that improvement in digital literacy, reduction of complexity of mobile platforms, addressing security issues and strengthening infrastructure are deemed as possible ways of bringing about an increase in mobile banking adoption among elderly Nigerians.

Corporate social responsibility programmes and civic engagement among residents in Asaba, Delta State

Prosper Uyoyou Irogbo — 2024-12-31

The growing importance of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as a driver of sustainable community development triggered this research, particularly its role in fostering civic engagement. The study aimed to evaluate the relationship between CSR initiatives and civic engagement in Asaba, an urban area known for its socio-economic diversity. Specific objectives included assessing residents’ awareness and participation in CSR programs, analyzing sociodemographic factors influencing civic engagement, and examining the impact of CSR on environmental civility and volunteering behaviors. To achieve these objectives, data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire distributed to 200 residents. The data were analyzed using SPSS, employing descriptive and correlational statistics to uncover patterns and relationships. Key findings revealed a significant positive correlation between awareness and participation in CSR programs and levels of civic engagement. Additionally, perceived community development through CSR was found to enhance civic engagement. Income emerged as a significant factor influencing civic engagement, while age, gender, and education showed no notable effects. Based on these findings, the study recommends that policymakers and organizations design inclusive and accessible CSR initiatives tailored to diverse socioeconomic groups. Efforts should be made to increase public awareness about the benefits of CSR and address economic barriers to participation. By doing so, CSR programs can further enhance civic engagement and contribute to building more cohesive and equitable communities.

Moderation of psychological meaningfulness on the relationships between human resource management practices and turnover intention in health sector: A proposed framework

Najibullahi Abdallah Nuhu — 2024-12-31

Organizations invest a lot on employees from recruitment & selection to compensation, training & development, career development and maintaining adequate work-life balance with a view to retain them so as to provide their best to the organization. No organization wish to record high turnover of skilful and experience employees. This paper being a proposed framework analysed the results of previous studies on human resource management (HRM) practices (recruitment & selection, compensation, training and development, career development, and work-life balance) on employees’ turnover intention in health sector. On the basis of this, it hypothesized the possible moderation effect of psychological meaningfulness on
the relationship between the HRM practices under study and turnover intention among healthcare workers. The theoretical framework adopted in the paper is social exchange theory. Arising from the review of the previous studies and theoretical supports, a conceptual framework is proposed. The study concludes that improvement and effective utilization of HRM practice can minimize employees’ turnover in the health sector.

Leveraging Artificial Intelligence (AI) for library services in Nigerian universities: Ethical consideration and potential benefits

Yusuf Suleiman — 2024-12-31

The advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed numerous sectors, including education, with libraries increasingly adopting AI technologies to enhance their services. The rapid growth of information and the increasing demand for efficient, user-centered services make AI a valuable tool in academic libraries, capable of streamlining operations such as cataloging, information retrieval, and personalized learning support. This study explores the potential benefits of leveraging AI for library services in Nigerian universities while addressing the ethical considerations associated with its integration. It looks into the current state of AI adoption in Nigerian university libraries, examining how AI can enhance library functions such as automated indexing, content management, and user engagement through intelligent systems. Additionally, the study highlights potential ethical concerns, including data privacy, intellectual property, algorithmic bias, and the risk of unequal access to AI-driven services. These concerns emphasize the need for a robust ethical framework to ensure that AI technologies are implemented responsibly and inclusively. While AI offers opportunities to improve efficiency, decision-making, and user experience in Nigerian university libraries, challenges related to technological infrastructure, staff training, and financial constraints must also be addressed. The study concludes with recommendations for policy development, capacity building, and strategies for overcoming barriers to AI integration, positioning AI as a key enabler of innovation in Nigerian university libraries while maintaining ethical integrity.

Assessment of medical social workers’ role and challenges in improving the qualityof-service delivery in Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital Bauchi: Medical sociology perspective

Safiyanu Ladan — 2024-12-31

This study investigates the roles and challenges of medical social workers at Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital (ATBUTH) Bauchi through a medical sociology lens. The objectives of the study are to analyze the roles of medical social workers at ATBUTH Bauchi, to identify the challenges experienced by medical social workers at ATBUTH, Bauchi and to provide strategies that will help improve the professional development of social workers. Relevant literature was reviewed and acknowledged to avoid plagiarism. The study employed a mixed-methods approach as a design of the study. Respondents were selected randomly in a stratified manner. The study used questionnaire to collect data to answer research questions,
the research reveals how social factors influence the practice of medical social workers and identifies key challenges such as inadequate resources, high workloads, and emotional strain. Data were analyzed with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS, V27). For validity and reliability of the research tools, the tools were reviewed by a panel of experts in medical
sociology and social work, ensuring the relevance, clarity, and appropriateness of the questions, and the same questionnaire was administered twice to a small group, with consistent results confirming stability over time to ensure reliability. The study`s findings emphasized the need for systemic reforms and provide recommendations for raising awareness among healthcare teams about the importance of medical social workers to improve collaboration in patient care, and Encourage participation in relevant workshops and seminars to enhance skills and stay updated on best practices in medical social work.

Effect of corporate governance attributes on audit quality of listed insurance companies in Nigeria

Titus Wuyah Yunana — 2024-12-31

The study examines the effect of corporate governance attributes on audit quality of listed insurance companies in Nigeria spanning the period 2018-2022. The study obtained it data from the 22 insurance companies listed in the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX), covering a five-year period 2018-2022. Multiple regression was used in analyzing the data of the study. The findings revealed that board size and board financial expertise are not significantly related to audit quality. However, board independence and board gender diversity are significantly influencing audit quality of the listed insurance companies in Nigeria. The study concluded that, corporate governance is significantly influencing audit quality. Therefore, the study recommends that other factors such as financial reporting regulatory enforcement mechanisms are strengthened to ensure that companies achieve a high level of financial reporting quality. Also, more board members with accounting expertise should be included on the audit committee to make it competent with regards to financial reporting.

Evangelism marketing and consumer purchase behaviour of selected products: A focus on fashion industry

Rollins Chiyem Iyadi — 2024-12-31

This study analyzed evangelistic marketing and customer purchasing behavior of specific items. The study employed a cross-sectional research strategy to ascertain the link between the independent and dependent variables. The total target population comprised one hundred sixty (160) proprietors of selected fashion design establishments across multiple cities in Delta State. Data was gathered utilizing a semi-structured questionnaire composed of closed-ended questions. The quantitative data was presented through tables and numerical frequencies. The collected data was statistically evaluated using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The data were evaluated using statistical methods such as means, percentages, and frequencies. The interpretation of data was conducted within the context of the researchproblem. A multivariate regression analysis model was employed to determine the link between the independent and dependent variables. The regression analysis results demonstrated that the elements of evangelical marketing utilized in this study significantly influenced consumer purchase intention. The data indicate that respondents concurred that evangelical marketing significantly influences customer purchasing behavior. The research determined that evangelistic marketing predicts customer purchase intention. The study advised fashion retailers in Delta State to cultivate new, contemporary brands to captivate consumer interest, increase production to assure consumers of product availability and deter brand switching,
and align their pricing strategies with competitors to avoid perceptions of higher costs relative to other brands.

Conflict management and organizational cohesion in the selection of Vice Chancellors in federal universities, South-west Nigeria

Emmanuel Chinuikem Nwobi — 2024-12-31

Conflict is inevitable in human interactions; thus, conflict management is essential in order to accomplish organisational cohesion which implies the extent to which personnel working within an organisation experience a feeling of unity with one another. Organisational cohesion during the selection process of university Vice Chancellors has now become a thing of interest with reference to cohesiveness of groups; an important asset for all interest groups. While there exist divergent interests and conflicts during the selection in Nigerian Southwest universities, conflict management is understood to be a major factor in dealing with the critical situations. There are various actors at play, such as the Visitor, governing council, the university senate and faculty members. The theory of collectivism was adopted to explain the research. Primary and secondary sources of data were used to gather information for the study. Interviews were conducted with various principal officers in the university environments. The study revealed that conflicts do arise as a result of different interests within the university stakeholders (the university senate, the trade unions and the faculty members). Also, majority of university staff instinctively respond with a negative attitude towards any issues that seem unfavourable to them. The research further found out that conflict management has fostered stakeholder involvement in decision-making at the universities of study. However, the research concluded that mechanisms that have the potential to promote organizational cohesion and heal wounds, should be deployed to foster a conducive environment for academic excellence and institutional advancement. Transparency, accountability, clear communication channels, consultation and involvement through input and feedback, harmonisation of concerns of university stakeholders, and mechanisms for addressing grievances in order to uphold fairness and trust among stakeholders are some of the recommendations made in the study.

Ownership structures, board characteristics and firm value: The moderating effect of product market competition

Musa Usman Kabir — 2024-12-31

The study assesses the moderating impact of product market competition on the relationship between corporate governance and corporate value. The sample comprises of 89 listed manufacturing firms for 5 years period (2018-2022) as used in the study. Multiple regression model was utilised with panel corrected standard error (PCSE) for the analyses. Corporate governance proxies by foreign ownership, ownership concentration, managerial ownership, women on board, board size, board independence serves as the independent variable are tested on economic value added (EVA) as a measure of firm value which represent the dependent variable. The result shows that ownership concentration, board size, and board independence
have a positive influence on firm value (EVA). However, managerial ownership is found to have a negative impact on the value of corporate firms whereas foreign ownership and women on board are insignificantly related to the value of Nigerian manufacturing firms. The moderating influence of product market competition strengthens the relationships of foreign ownership, managerial ownership, women on board and board independence on firm value positively. Nonetheless, the empirical result revealed the negative and significant interacting impact of product market competition on ownership concentration and negative insignificant relationship on board size with firm value respectively. The study recommends the necessity for the continues liberalization and diversification of the Nigerian economy in order to expand the competitiveness of the manufacturing firms so that derivable benefit from PMC is created for owners and other relevant stakeholders.