International Journal of Intellectual Discourse

Nigeria Civil War and Human Security a Discursive Exploration

2024-10-24T18:41:38+00:00

The paper examines civil war and human security in Nigeria as a discursive exploration. War is a phenomenon that cannot be avoidable around the globe but it can be managed, particularly ideological war. However, when a war becomes bloody that claimed lives and properties in a state or between states it must be eradicated and put to an end. The objective of this paper is to assess the implications of civil war in Nigeria on human security and livelihood. This civil war was deadly in Nigeria's history. The methodology relied on secondary data of analysis; of which scapegoat theory is the theoretical orientation for this work. The findings revealed that Nigeria's civil war is the root of political and economic insecurity in Nigeria. The paper concluded that the civil war has damaged the spirit of brotherhood and unity in the country; while the study advocated for genuine brainstorming, negotiation, and compromising that can address ethnicity management as one of the prime recommendations.

Effects of Universal Basic Education Program (UBE) on educational development of Bauchi and Bogoro Local Government Areas of Bauchi state, Nigeria

2024-10-24T18:55:21+00:00

This research work is An Assessment of the Effect of Universal Basic Education on the Educational Development of Bauchi and Bogoro Local Government Areas of Bauchi State. This becomes necessary because Education is the solid bedrock upon which every form of development: social, political, religious and economic is anchored. This further explains why it is perceived as a veritable tool and as well catalyst for national development. Universal Basic Education which is supposed to be free, compulsory and accessible has remained unachievable and still faces the challenges of low students/pupils’ enrolment rates, high prevalence of school dropout and an acute shortage in the provision of infrastructural facilities necessarily needed to facilitate learning and teaching processes within the school environment more than two decades after its formal inauguration. Therefore, the study is concerned about establishing relationship between increase in enrolment, retention and completion rates and the provision of infrastructural facilities with educational development. Three Hypotheses were postulated to that effect. Survey method was adopted for data collection. The total number of sampled respondents stood at 394 drawn from the population of teachers of the selected local government areas (3446) using Yamane formula, with the addition of 10% as recommended by Israel (2013) to cater for not-return questionnaires. Multiple regression statistical analysis model was employed to determine the significant effect of the variables on educational development of the areas. The finding of the research revealed that, pupil’s enrolment in school affects educational development significantly though not sufficient enough to cause it but implies that any increase in students/pupil’s enrolment rates will have multiplier effect on educational development. It also revealed that, pupils/students’ retention and completion rates in schools had the most significant share of the effect on educational development. Infrastructural facilities were found to be non-available, dilapidated or grossly inadequate for use. The study therefore recommended that school feeding programme should not be discontinued in order to boost enrolment and retention rates and UBE should ensure adequate provision of infrastructural facilities.

Effect of advertisement on consumer brand preference in telecommunication industry at Abuja, Nigeria

2024-10-24T19:01:49+00:00

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of advertisement on consumer brand preference of telecommunication companies in Abuja, Nigeria. The study employed survey research design and data was collected using self-administered questionnaire from 552 telecommunication customer in Kwali Area. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) on Smart-PLS was used to analysis the data and test the hypothesis about the relationships between the variables. The findings indicated that electronic media and print media have significant positive effect on consumer brand preference in telecommunication companies in Kwali area council Abuja based on the statistical data of this study. The study recommended that customers should leverage electronic media platforms and should pay attention to print media.

Exploring the role of social media in agricultural practices among rice farmers: Evidence from Kaduna State, Nigeria

2024-10-24T19:12:56+00:00

This study examines the role of social media in enhancing agricultural practices among rice farmers in Kaduna State, Nigeria. The research reveals that social media platforms, particularly Facebook and WhatsApp, are widely used among farmers for sharing agricultural information, leading to improved farming practices. Descriptive survey was employed to collect data from 357 registered members of Rice Farmer’s Association of Nigeria. Key findings indicate that social media has significantly increased access to timely and relevant agricultural knowledge, facilitated peer-to-peer learning, and reduced the reliance on
traditional extension services. Farmers perceive several benefits, including faster dissemination of information, increased collaboration, and improved decision-making. However, challenges such as poor internet connectivity, high data costs, and concerns over misinformation were also identified. The study recommends improving digital infrastructure and offering targeted digital literacy programs to maximize the benefits of social media for agricultural development.

Moderated-Mediation of Entrepreneurial Business Network and Competitive Advantage on the Relationship between SMEs Determinants of Sustainable Performance in Nigeria: A Proposed Conceptual Framework

2024-11-08T01:41:44+00:00

The inability of Small and Medium Enterprise (SMEs) to sustain their long-term performance necessitates the need for this study. Therefore, the paper proposes a conceptual framework that highlights the moderated-mediation role of entrepreneurial business network and competitive advantage on the relationship between SMEs determinants of sustainable performance. Specifically, the study believes that competitive advantage may act as a mediator between entrepreneurial orientation, ethical sensitivity, access to finance and access to ICT on the sustainable performance. In addition, entrepreneurial business network was proposed to moderate the relationship between competitive advantage and sustainable performance. Also, the study proposed the use of quantitative research approach to collect data from owner manager of SMEs. Furthermore, partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) using SmartPLS 4 software was propose as technique of data analysis. Lastly, the study proposed testing the model in developing countries like Nigeria.

Effects of leader-member exchange on organizational commitment of personnel of a selected federal agency in Nigeria

2024-11-08T01:56:57+00:00

This study examines the impact of Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) on organizational commitment among personnel at a selected Federal Agency (name withheld) in Nigeria. LMX refers to the quality of relationships between supervisors and subordinates, influencing both commitment and productivity. This research aims to assess how LMX affects organizational commitment within this context. A quantitative methodology was employed, utilizing questionnaires distributed to 307 employees of the Agency. Statistical analyses including ttests, F-tests, and the coefficient of determination (R2) were conducted to establish relationships between LMX and organizational commitment. The findings reveal a significant positive correlation (p < 0.05) between LMX and organizational commitment, indicating that stronger leader-subordinate relationships enhance commitment levels. The study suggests that leaders should adopt strategies aimed at fostering positive relationships with their subordinates to promote organizational commitment.

Impact of anticipated regrets after-retirement on retirement planning behavior of the Nigerian workers

2024-11-08T02:06:35+00:00

Aged people often express regret about financial decisions made in their earlier working life that exposed them to old-age financial insecurity. Prior work has discovered one outcome, saving regret, or people expressed wish that they had saved more earlier in life. In order to bridge the knowledge gap, the present research intends to examine the impact of anticipated regret on retirement planning behaviour to make extra voluntary retirement savings. The study is cross sectional in nature with a sample of 600 Nigerian workers from three geopolitical zone. Using smart PLS, the result obtained show that retirement planning intention has a significant positive impact on retirement planning behavior of the workers. Similarly, attitude towards financial planning and financial planning control has a significant positive impact on retirement planning intention of the workers. However, social influence has no significant impact on retirement planning intention. On the other hand, anticipated regret has a significant positive impact on attitude towards financial planning, retirement planning intention and social influence. Thus, anticipated regret plays a significant role in influencing attitude, social perception and financial perception and control on the formation of intention and retirement planning behavior. Practical Implications of the study revealed a significant correlation between psychological factors and retirement planning behavior of the workers. Most importantly, anticipated regrets were consistent with other factors.

An assessment of the African union conflict management mechanisms in Darfur region of Sudan

2024-11-08T02:17:19+00:00

The conflict in Darfur region of Western Sudan began in February 2003 when the Sudan Liberation Movement (SLM) and the Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) rebel groups took up arms against the government of Sudan which they accused of oppressing Darfur's non-Arab black ethnic population. The armed conflict has resulted in over 300,000 deaths and exacerbated a humanitarian crisis resulting in the displacement of more than 2.7 million people from their homes. The conflict in Darfur region between the government and rebel groups is multi-dimensional in nature involving economic, political, social, cultural and environmental factors. However, this study intends to focus on the conflict management mechanisms employed by the African Union in resolving the conflict. Findings revealed that the conflict mechanisms adopted by the African Union were not effective and inadequate in managing the conflict in Darfur region. The study adopted descriptive and narrative qualitative research design. The research used purposive non probability sampling technique and the main research instruments adopted was semi structured in-depth interview used to generate data from 24 respondents. The researcher also explored various literature on the issue from scholars using journals, textbooks, official bulletins and internet sources. The paper recommend that the African Union need a robust conflict management tools and adequate funding to manage conflict in Darfur region of Western Sudan in particular and African continent in general.

Use of Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) Equipment in the Hotel Sector of Nigeria’s Tourism Industry

2024-11-19T01:15:41+00:00

This study investigates the perceptions of selected university staffers of the National Open University of Nigeria (NOUN), among other professionals who may patronise hotels during their leisure or official travels on their choice of hotels based on the availability and use of ClosedCircuit Television (CCTV) equipment. The study adopted a mixed research method for data
collection.100 staff members of the NOUN from its 8 faculties comprising teaching and nonteaching staff were selected as respondents for the study, based on random and stratified sampling techniques. In addition, 16 research participants from the tourism industry and academia were recruited for the study, using the snowballing technique. A questionnaire survey
and semi-structured/in-depth interview technique designed based on the technological determinism theory were used to retrieve requisite information from the respondents and research participants. The administered questionnaires gave a return rate of 89% when analysed using tables. The interviews were content analysed. The study found that virtually all staff members of NOUN patronise hotels in Nigeria for various purposes. Even though most respondents and participants were not sure if the deployment of the surveillance equipment in focus would prevent crime, they affirmed that the availability of CCTV equipment at the hotels they stayed in gave them a sense of safety and security. They inferred that CCTV technology deters criminals and would-be criminals. NOUN staff were especially emphatic that deploying CCTV cameras in hotels is not an invasion of their privacy, as the cameras are restricted to open places. Nonetheless, the study recommends that as a matter of policy hotels without CCTV equipment should be made to install such equipment to enhance the safety and security of guests
and staffers and for the prevention of crimes.

Exploring public policy on the challenges of internally displaced persons in Nigeria

2024-11-19T04:05:22+00:00

The major objective of this study is to investigate the effects of public policies toward mitigating Internally Displacement in Nigeria. These are groups of persons forced to leave their places of habitual residence due to violation of human right, situations of generalized violence natural or human made disasters. These people suffer high rates of mortality than the peaceful or normal environment as they are frequently deprived of adequate shelter, education, food and health service. Even these displaced are not in peaceful relationship with the host communities due to the destruction and violation of their economy and cultural lives. Consequently, there are more incidence of cases relating to poverty within the locality. Efforts of the public policy targeted to mitigate the conflicts, yielded little or no result. The paper indicated the causes to the low level of accountability of the leaders, bad governance, poverty, corruption, insecurity amongst others. The study adopted a historical approach to the political research and used secondary sources of information. The study applied conflict management theory which focuses on bargaining strategies and negotiating process as means to improve the relationship between the government institutions and the citizens. The study found that the inability of the government to come up with good policies has led to bad governance which exacerbates agitation of even development in the society. In sum up lack of sustainable development were the main problem to conflicts that led to displacement of persons from their environment. It is therefore recommended that the entire reviewing of the government policies with a view in making impact for sustainable development in the country.

The unintended legacy of Niger-Delta amnesty on contemporary peacebuilding discourse in Nigeria: An introspection

2024-11-19T04:55:59+00:00

The strategy of using amnesty as a mechanism for resolving conflict in war-torn societies and in societies where conflict seems intractable has become essential where peace is desired at all costs. As one of the tools of transitional justice system, amnesty has proved very useful in countries like Nigeria, Cambodia, Chile, Brazil, and South Africa to birth enduring peace in
the countries. In recent times, however, there are views that hold that amnesty is creating a contagious effect, a process which may foster culture of violence in a country. Using exploratory research design, an empirical method including interview among critical stakeholders. It adopts qualitative method including analysis of both primary and secondary data. This study examines amnesty in Nigeria and the argument that it might have encourage the spread of culture of violence in the country. The study seeks a relationship between the current waves of violence in the country and its possible connection to amnesty programme used as part of conflict management strategy in the country. The study will benefit from doctoral research that investigates the amnesty programme in the Niger Delta region in Nigeria and continuous discourse of the post amnesty phase.

Monetary policy and performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria

2024-11-19T05:06:46+00:00

This research examines the impact of monetary policy interventions on the performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria from 1990 to 2022. Monetary policy indicators—cash reserve ratio, monetary policy rate, lending interest rate, and wide money supply—served as proxies, while profit after tax was utilised to evaluate bank performance. The Augmented Dickey-Fuller Unit Root Test and the Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model were utilised to guarantee data dependability and correctness. The research was owing to secondary data from the Central Bank of Nigeria's 2022 statistical bulletin. The upshots demonstrated a long-term association between monetary policy and bank performance, as validated by the bound test. The cash reserve ratio shown a favorable short-term effect on profit after tax, but the monetary policy rate revealed a positive and substantial influence in both the short and long term. Lending interest rates shown a negative and substantial correlation with bank performance, whereas the broad money supply had a negative but substantial influence on profitability. The report argued that monetary policy is crucial in influencing the profitability of deposit money institutions in Nigeria. The CBN is advised to either maintain or make minor modifications to the cash reserve ratio to promote ongoing profitability and financial stability within the banking sector. This research offers essential information for policymakers, banking entities, and financial experts.